lichens can be used as air pollution indicators especially sulphur dioxide. If there are no lichens in the local area but just algae it shows there is a lot of sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere. So they can be used as a environmental indicator because by of the fact they do not grow in sulphur dioxide rich atmospheres.
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How does the director of Hotel Rwanda use cinematographic techniques to develop tension in Paul’s ‘Epiphany’ scene
Hotel Rwanda is a film which tells us the true story of the Rwandan Genocide. When the Belgians colonised Rwanda they spilt up the people into two ‘races’. The Hutu and the Tutsi. The Belgium government put the Tutsi in charge and gave them all the privileges in life. The Hutus became enraged and jealous of the Tutsis but had no power of their own to do anything about it. Until the Belgians left. When the Belgians had no more use for Rwanda and they had drained all of the country’s resources they just packed their bags and left. However they left the Hutus in charge and they took revenge. And the genocide began. This is what Terry George the director focused his film Hotel Rwanda on. I am going to focus on the four cinematographic techniques I feel make the biggest affect on our physiological view point.
The director increases suspension in the second frame by adding special effects for example fog. While they, Paul and Gregoire are driving along the river road because it is ‘clear’ according to Georges the head of the interahamwe. The fog makes it look peaceful and as if the Genocide is not taking place. It is a long/ establishing shot, at a low angle this is important because you can see the surroundings and you can not see any dead bodies or any signs of a genocide which contrasts what is actually happening in Rwanda. The music adds to the tension because it is a calming peaceful song. however, in the mind of the viewer we know it is too good to be true and too cliche. We know this but nothing can prepare us to the horrors that we see.
The director uses focus in Paul’s epiphany scene to show Paul’s mindset and how he has not yet made clear the Genocide in Rwanda. throughout the scene Paul is the only one in focus until he has his epiphany and at that point everything becomes clear in his mind and literally on the road . The frame shows at least fifty dead all laying on the road. This causes Paul to throw up. When he gets back to the hotel he rushes upstairs and has a breakdown and tries to wash away the horrific things he saw on that wretched night.
Terry George also uses non digestic sound to increase tension in Paul’s epiphany scene. As Paul falls out of the van and lands next to a dead child a sound is made. I think it is the sound of two machetes. As we already know machetes were one of the main weapons used by the Interhamwe to commit the murders. Terry George used the machetes to reinforce the fact that these are murders not just deaths, and bloody murders at that. It is also used as a flashback in Paul’s mind. Paul has seen many machetes since the start of the genocide but when he saw the dead bodies he thought of the machetes again.
One of the techniques Terry George uses in his interpretation of the Rwandan genocide is camera shots. I am going to focus on the use of the point of view shot (POV). Through out the scene it goes into the POV of Paul. This is very powerful and plays upon the minds of the viewer because we feel as if we are involved. We do not just watch Paul through this tough time. We become him. Without POV i believe we would just see it as a film and not a true story, however true George’s interpretation of the genocide actually is. The reason it builds tension is because in one of the frames we only see the legs and feet of the dead Rwandans. We begin to build up hope that maybe some people are still alive. Through out this time the came shot is changing and after around five to ten seconds we finally see all the corpses and our hopes are crushed.
In conclusion, what Terry George wanted to achieve was achieved. He wanted us to feel as if we were involved in this terrible time through out history. By increasing tension griped us and wanted us to make chase and stay griped. Rather like a fishing hook with a Big Mac on the end. However I also think he was misleading in his interpretation. The genocide was a lot worse then he made out in his film. This could make the audience not as bothered and in a way say ‘well is wasn’t that bad’. I find this rude because if it was in the western world it would of been top priority and it seems as if it was not that urgent to tell the world the True story of the Rwandan Genocide.
The ways in which the director increases tension in Hotel Rwanda
The director increases suspension in the second frame by adding special effects for example fog. While they Paul and Gregawa are driving along the river road because it is ‘clear’ according to George the head of the interahamwe. Because of the fog it looks peaceful and as if the Genocide is not taking place. It is a long/ establishing shot, at a low angle this is important because you can see the surroundings you can not see any dead bodies or any signs of a genocide which contrasts what is actually happening in Rwanda. The music adds to the tension because it is a calming peaceful song. however, in the mind of the viewer we know it is too good to be true and too cliche. We know this but nothing can prepare us to the horrors that we see.
Camera shots and angles
Camera shots:

Camera angles:

Then and now
- Leysdown :Going to the cliffs
- then:Young boy
- Now: Teenager
Then
Listen, can you hear it the sound of waves roaring as if they were alive each and every wave in synchronization. Beyond the sandy beaches and swaying branches of trees you see it. You finally see it. It stands taller than any giant yet as elegant as any ballet dancer. You can taste the sourer salt from the sea spitting on to your lip. It shrivels in disgust. For years you have fantasized about this day. The day you climb The Cliff. You make your way to the most exciting part of The Cliff the trio of World War two bunkers. You can smell the algae growing on the bunkers which once stood tall at the top but in age have fallen. The sight of them bewilders your imagination these three bunkers once protected the land of Britannia, not that you even know what that means but you like the sound of that. You climb on in they are tilted on their side. Your brain tries to fix the tilted picture but of course you can’t. As you stumble upon the slimy bunker you can smell the stale water which over the years has collected at the bottom of the bunker. As you run your hands across the cracked walls you quickly pull them back because the feeling of it hurts on your soft delicate hands. Foolishly licking your hands you taste the algae it makes you feel nauseous it tastes salty but yet rather sweet you don’t know if you like it or not but it will just keep the experience in your mind forever. You leave the bunkers and you know you have one more step of the adventure of a lifetime: The climb back up. You look towards the top of The Cliff and you feel the butterflies start to do their thing. Try and alter the path that you want to follow. The wind blows on your face bringing a slight hint of fresh manure, usually you would have hated it but this time something about it rejuvenating. As you climb close to the top the steepness is going to get the better of you until you go on all fours as if you were some type of dog. The roughness leaves your hands thirsty but you’ve done it, you’ve conquered the cliff.
Now
Tragic hero Romeo
Romeo Montague is a tragic hero, He is one of many tragic heroes created by Shakespeare in one of his greatest ever tragedies. Romeo posses all of the characteristics one must have to be a tragic hero, these are, a tragic flaw, the idea of being doomed, a moral dilemma, and the sense of catharsis around Romeo.
Romeo’s tragic flaw was his attempt to see the good in everybody even if they had wronged him, this was very naive of him. This is a tragic flaw because although it may seem as if it is a good quality, this is a flaw as in the end it brings upon his fate. This caused the death of his best friend Mercutio ‘Draw, Benvolio. Beat down their weapons.’ as Romeo splits up the fight, the Tybalt he believed could change for the better and change his ways stabbed Mercutio and killed him.
Romeo tried to change his fate, however what Romeo thought his fate and what we knew it was were totally different concepts. Romeo believed his fate was that God wanted to split him and Juliet up and he had been following this by staying in Mantua and living. When Romeo was in Mantua and Balthazar told him Juliet was ‘dead’ .Romeo felt as if he had followed God’s will and he would do so no longer and Romeo openly expresses he will no longer obey the will of God and says ‘I defy you Stars’ this is when Romeo decides to kill himself to be with Juliet. But, as we know this brings his fate even closer and the fact that Juliet and himslef will kill themselves. This in my opinion is complicated topic because why would God want people to kill people.
Romeo’s moral dilemma was having to choose between his friends and family and then Juliet. One of the key events in the play was the death of Mercutio who was killed by Tybalt Juliet’s cousin. Romeo refused to help Mercutio and kill Tybalt and said ‘But love thee better than thou canst devise,/Till thou shalt know the reason of my love.’ He could not choose between Juliets cousin and his best friend Mercutio this is his moral dilemma.
The feeling of catharsis around Romeo Montague was when he drank the poison which killed him.“Here’s to my love! O true apothecary! Thy drugs are quick. Thus with a kiss I die.” we feel pity because we feel sorry for him because all he wanted to do was be with his true love but it was never meant to be. We also feel terror because of the fact we are going to witness someone kill themselves.
In conclusion this proves Romeo Montague was a tragic hero he has all of the characteristics of a tragic hero and in my opinion the greatest tragic hero, this is because of the fact his motivation was not power but just being with someone he loves.
Re-write a scene (Rift the bard)
John: Alright mate
Lawrence: is that you John? welcome back mate, what’s Romeo saying and if he messaged back show me the message.
John: I went to find another lad to follow me there , he was already there going to The Millwall game but the firm thought we were West Ham fans said we were not allowed through so our trip to the Den ended there.
Lawrence: Who then got my message to Romeo?
John: I couldn’t send it there was no service so here’s your phone again. I couldn’t send another lad there either The firm couldn’t risk it.
Lawrence: Oh no the message was not nice but very important and by Romeo not receiving it, danger will follow. John get me a crowbar and bring it to my flat straight away.
John: Mate i’ll bring it to ya
Lawrence: Now I must go to the cemetery by myself, In three hours Juliet will wake up and will be mad at me that Romeo don’t have a clue whats going on, I will try and message him again. I will keep Juliet in my flat until Romeo arrives. Poor living body, shut in a dead persons place.
Act 5 scene 3
Romeo enters the Capulet’s tomb and finds Paris there he thinks Romeo wants to ruin the body so they fight and Paris is killed. Romeo then takes the poison and dies next to Juliet she then wakes and finds him dead so she stabs herself. The families, Lawrence and the Prince enter and the Frair explains the story of their love and he agreed to do it so the families grudge will end. The Prince understands this and blames it on the families they then tell each other that states will be made of Juliet and Romeo. The play ends with the Prince saying ‘For never was a story of more woe / Than this of Juliet and her Romeo.’